东北亚韩、蒙、日三国议会制度及其走向探析

Analysis on the Parliament System and Its Trend of Northeast Asian Countries:South Korea,Mongolia and Japan

传统的议会制度起源于近现代的西欧,并在世界范围内产生了极为深远的影响。自19世纪中叶起,相关理论与思潮开始"东渐",加之日后东西方列强的武力渗透,最终使得位于东北亚的韩、蒙、日三国在20世纪先后采纳了该项制度。但基于东北亚特殊的地理环境与人文历史背景,韩、蒙、日三国的议会制度颇具本土特色且相互间存在一定程度的耦合性。因此,文章对东北亚三国的议会制度现状及其宪政历程中所映射出的"特质"进行剖析,有助于把握东北亚三国议会制度的未来走向,在法学学理与国家行政体系完善上都具有现实意义。

The traditional parliament system origins in modern Western Europe and has brought profound influence all over the world.Since the middle of 19 th century,relevant theories and ideological trends began to be spread eastward.In addition to the subsequent aggressive infiltration of eastern and western powers,this system was finally adopted one after another by Northeast Asian countries such as South Korea,Mongolia and Japan in 20 th century.However,due to the special geographical environment as well as humanistic and historical background of this area,the parliament systems in these three countries demonstrate local characteristics and a certain degree of coupling with one another.Therefore,analyzing the current situation of parliament systems in these countries and the characteristics reflected by their constitutional history will help us have a better understanding of the future development of the parliament systems in these countries,which will also have practical significance for the improvement of the theory of law and national administrative system.