论国有垄断行业改革的困境与出路

On the Predicament and Outlet of the Reform of the State-Owned Monopoly Industry

我国从20世纪80年代就着手进行国有垄断行业的改革,至今仍存在诸多问题,主要包括:有关垄断的立法不完善;缺乏成熟的理论作指导,各方未达成改革共识;市场支配地位的稳固极易产生滥用现象;改革的不确定性和风险性。为此,文章尝试探究国有垄断行业改革的新出路,即完善相关法律法规,使国有垄断行业改革有法可依;各方尽快达成改革共识,明确改革目标;引入竞争机制,设置条件鼓励民营经济进入国有垄断行业;合理安排国有垄断行业的改革顺序,循序渐进。

Although China has started the reform of the state-owned monopoly industry since the 1980s,there are still various problems.The main aspects requiring improvement include:the imperfect legislation of monopoly,the lack of mature theories as guidance and consensus of reform among parties,the phenomenon of power abuse owing to the stability of market dominance;and the uncertainty and risk of reform.As a consequence,it aims to seek for new outlets for the reform of the state-owned monopoly industry,that is,improving relevant laws and regulations so as to enable the reform to have laws to abide by;reaching the consensus of reform as soon as possible and clarifying the objective of reform;introducing competition mechanism and setting conditions to encourage the private economy to enter the state-owned monopoly industry;arranging the order of the reform of state-owned monopoly industry step by step.