小麦化肥减施技术研究进展

Research Progress of Fertilizer Reduction Technology in Wheat

小麦施肥历史悠久,施肥技术随着时代的发展而不断进步。目前农民使用的传统施肥方法,在施肥初期,尽管有增产的作用,但长期不合理施肥不仅造成小麦减产、品质下降,还影响了土壤的结构和性质。小麦化肥减施技术是针对现今农民施肥中存在的问题而产生的新型施肥技术,包括有机肥替代、精准施肥、水肥一体化等。新型小麦化肥减施技术能减肥增效、促进小麦增产稳产、增强品质、改良土壤,极大地提高农民的效益,对于指导农民科学施肥具有重要作用。

Fertilization of wheat has a long history.With the development of the morden techniques,the technology of fertilization is also progressing.In the early days of fertilization,farmers use traditional fertilization methods to increase yield,but long term irrational fertilization not only causes wheat yield reduction and quality decline,but also affects soil structure and properties.The technology of fertilizer reduction in wheat is a new type of fertilization technology,which is based on the problems existing in the present farmers′fertilization,including the organic manure substitution,the precision fertilization,the integration of water and fertilizer and so on.The new technology of chemical fertilizer in wheat can reduce fertilizers′using,increase fertilizers′efficiency,promote wheat′s yield increasing and stabilizing,enhance quality and improve soil,thus greatly improving the efficiency of farmers.Reducing technology plays an important role in guiding scientific fertilization of farmers.