中国企业基础研究投入不足原因及政策研究

The Research on the Causes and Policies of Insufficient Investment in Basic Research of Chinese Enterprises

企业已成为创新和研发的主要力量,然而企业研发投入主要集中在了试验发展,对基础研究的投入几可忽略不计。文章首先从理论需要和现实需要两个层面强调企业投入基础研究的重要性,基于近些年国家和企业对基础研究的投入数据,对企业投入基础研究严重不足的现状进行了分析,并探究了导致基础研究投入研究不足的原因,主要存在科技政策的实用性导向、未对基础研究进行明确区分导致的认识误区、现行的科研项目管理模式难以对企业开展基础研究进行支持、长期实施技术引进战略形成的路径依赖等原因,最后建议政府要加大政策、财税、金融方面的支持,建立分类实施的基础研究项目管理模式支持企业参与研究,构建协同创新网络支持基础研究合作,鼓励企业加大应用基础研究的投入。

Enterprises have become the main force of innovation,but the research and development investment of enterprises mainly focuses on the experimental development,then ignoring the investment in basic research. First of all,the importance of enterprises' investment in basic research from both theoretical needs and practical needs is emphasized in the paper. Then,based on the data of enterprises' investment in basic research in recent years,the current situation of the serious shortage of enterprises' investment in basic research is analyzed,and explored the reasons. It mainly includes the following four aspects,the practical-oriented science and technology policy,the lack of a clear subdivision of basic research to the misunderstanding,the inability of current scientific research project management model to support enterprises to carry out basic research,and the path dependence formed by the long-term implementation of technology introduction strategy. Finally,the suggestions are that the government should increase policy,fiscal and financial support ,establish a classified basic research project management model to support enterprises to participate in research,build a collaborative innovation network to support basic research cooperation,and encourage enterprises to increase investment in applied basic research.