农地适度规模经营的分类估计——基于不同地形下不同地区的测算

Estimation of Optimal Farmland Scale: Classified Calculation Based on Small-Scale Farmers Sample in China

基于收入标准,按照两种不同的方法测算不同地形下不同地区的农户适度经营规模。结果表明:基于农业总利润测算的农户户均适度经营规模,在平原地区,东部、东北、中部、西部分别约为3.13公顷、2.0公顷、1.53公顷、0.8公顷。基于劳动力机会成本的测算方法,如果按照家庭户均3个劳动力计算,东北地区农户户均耕种的适度规模为7～9.4公顷,中部地区为4.13～21.2公顷,西部地区为3.53～6.6公顷,东部地区为3.07～3.87公顷。按照劳动力机会成本测算的农户农地适度经营规模高于按照农业总利润最大化标准的测算结果。农地适度经营的规模因不同地形和不同区域不同,国家鼓励农户开展适度规模经营的政策应该因地制宜实施。

This paper estimated optimal land scale for small-scale farmers under different objectives and geographic conditions.It found that with farmers trying to maximize total profits or per capital profits,the optimal sizes for plains in east,west,middle and northeast equals 3.13,2.0,1.53 and 0.8 hm 2,respectively.If farmers try to gain as much income from farming as from non-farming,the optimal size of farmers for northeast,middle,west and east should equal 7-9.4,4.13-21.2,3.53-6.6 and 3.07-3.87 hm 2 respectively.The paper suggests that policies which encourage farmers to cultivate optimal scale should differ according to different area and geographic conditions.