一株新的尼古丁降解菌的分离鉴定及降解特性

Isolation, Identification and Characteristics of a New Nicotine Degrading Strain

针对降解高毒、高危害的尼古丁微生物种类较少的实际情况筛选出具有高尼古丁降解活性的菌株,探究其降解条件及降解特性,为尼古丁的生物降解提供新的微生物资源。从烟草种植大田土壤分离纯化得到一株具有高尼古丁降解能力的菌株,对其形态学、生理生化特征、16S rRNA基因序列同源性进行了分析鉴定,探究了不同条件下尼古丁降解特性并对其动态降解过程进行了HPLC分析。经鉴定命名为Stenotrophomonas sp. ZUC-3,适宜的发酵条件为:温度30℃、起始pH 7.0、接种量10%、培养转速180 r/min,此条件下尼古丁降解率可达到91.53%,HPLC分析显示了ZUC-3降解尼古丁过程的动态变化及其高效性。研究结果为尼古丁生物降解提供了新的微生物资源,对烟草行业可持续发展具有理论意义与实际应用价值。

The aim of this study was to isolate and identify a strain with high nicotine degradation activity in the situation where there are few kinds of nicotine-degrading microorganisms available, and to explore the conditions and characteristics of nicotine degradation, which will provide a new microbiological resource for the biodegradation of nicotine. A strain with high activity of nicotine degradation was obtained by isolation and purification from tobacco field soil. The strain was identified by morphological, physio-biochemical and 16S rRNA gene analysis, and the characteristics of nicotine degradation under different conditions were investigated with dynamic process by HPLC analysis. The optimum condition of nicotine degradation by Stenotrophomonas sp. ZUC-3 was 30 ℃ with 10% inoculum at the initial pH 7.0 and 180 r/min, in which the rate of nicotine degradation by Stenotrophomonas sp. ZUC-3 reached 91.53%. HPLC analysis illustrated the dynamic process and high efficiency of nicotine degradation. The study provides a new microbiological resource for biodegradation of nicotine and has theoretical and practical significance in tobacco industry.