正交设计法优化碳纤维表面连续镀镍工艺及性能

Optimization of Continuous Nickel Plating on Carbon Fiber Surface by Orthogonal Design

采用正交设计法,以镀镍碳纤维镀层电阻率为考察目标,对碳纤维表面连续电镀镍工艺参数进行优化。采用L9(33)正交试验对碳纤维表面进行电镀镍处理,电镀温度、电流密度、电镀时间作为3个因素。采用冷热循环法测试镀镍碳纤维镀层和碳纤维的结合力,采用X射线光电子能谱仪研究镀镍碳纤维镀层的元素组成及化学状态,采用电子万能材料试验机测试镀镍碳纤维的力学性能。结果表明:最优的碳纤维表面镀镍处理条件是:电镀温度50℃,电流密度0.5 A/dm2,电镀时间6min。镀镍碳纤维镀层和碳纤维是通过Ni—C—O键实现紧密结合的,部分表层金属镍被氧化生成了NiO。由于镀层的存在,使得镀镍碳纤维和树脂间的界面结合力发生了改变,从而导致镀镍碳纤维的力学性能有所下降。

The process parameters of continuous nickel plating on carbon fibers were optimized by orthogonal design method with the resistivity of nickel-plated carbon fibers as the object of investigation.The surface of carbon fiber was electroplated by L9(33)orthogonal experiment.Electroplating temperature,current density,electroplating time was used as three factors.The adhesion of nickel coating on carbon fiber and carbon fiber was measured by the method of cold and hot cycling.The elemental composition and chemical state of nickel-coated carbon fiber were studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.The mechanical property of nickelcoated carbon fiber was measured by electronic universal testing machine.The results show that the optimum treatment conditions are as follows:electroplating temperature 50℃,current density 0.5A/dm2,electroplating time 6 min.The nickel coating and carbon fiber are tightly bonded by Ni–C–O bond,and some metal nickel on the surface is oxidized to form NiO.Due to the existence of nickel coating,the interfacial adhesion between nickel-coated carbon fiber and resin is changed,which leads to the decrease of mechanical properties of nickel-coated carbon fiber.