纯电动乘用车车身架构设计

Body Architecture Design of Pure Electric Passenger Car

纯电动车用电池、电机、电控组成的三电系统替代了内燃机乘用车中的发动机、排气管和油箱,车身作为整车上安装所有部件的主要结构,受到较大影响,需要对三电系统进行专门的保护或承载结构设计。通过对燃油车和电动车车身布置方面的对比及分析,对前舱区域、中部乘客舱、后部舱室进行了布置结构设计;通过对两者碰撞性能方面的分析,对电动车进行了正面碰撞性能设计和侧面碰撞性能设计。未来随着电池密度的增加,电动车车身会出现其他新形式的演化。

The pure electric vehicle uses the three-electric system which is composed of battery,motor and electric control instead of fuel engine,exhaust system and fuel tank of the internal combustion engine(ICE)passenger car.As the main structure of all components installed on the whole vehicle,the body is greatly affected and requires special protection or bearing structure design for the three-electric system.Through the comparison and analysis of the body layout of ICE vehicle and electric vehicle,the layout structure of the front cabin area,the middle passenger cabin and the rear cabin are designed.Through the collision performance analysis of the two vehicle types,the front collision and the side collision performance design of the electric vehicle are carried out.In the future,with the increase of battery density,other new evolution forms will occur in the body of electric vehicles.