新疆棉农残膜回收行为影响因素及实证研究——基于棉农的调研数据

THE INFLUENCING FACTORS AND EMPIRICAL STUDY ON THE RECOVERY BEHAVIOR OF THE COTTON PLANTERS RESIDUAL FILM IN XINJIANG——BASED ON THE RESEARCH DATA OF THE COTTON PLANTERS

[目的]为响应农业农村部"农业绿色发展五大行动",加强农业面源污染防治,缓解新疆棉田残膜危害,基于新疆棉农的问卷调查研究棉农的残膜回收行为。[方法]采用描述性统计和Logistic回归模型分析影响新疆棉农残膜回收行为的因素。[结果](1)新疆农用地膜回收率低,地膜污染形势严峻。(2)棉农对残膜危害认知缺乏,对残膜回收的间接价值认识不足,影响新疆残膜回收效率。(3)残膜回收的成本收益是影响棉农残膜回收行为的关键因素,其他如棉农年龄、种棉年限、对残膜危害的认知等自身特征,以及农户劳动力数量、政府对残膜污染的关注程度等因素对棉农的残膜回收行为有重要影响。[结论]网络及电视广播等现代媒体对棉农的残膜危害认知水平有较大影响,棉农更愿意采用成本更节约的焚烧、堆地的残膜处理方式。因此提出引导棉农残膜回收、提高棉田残膜回收效率的对策建议。

In response to the " five actions of agriculture green development" proposed by the Ministry of Agriculture,to strengthen agricultural non-point source pollution prevention and control,and to alleviate the harm of cotton film residue in Xinjiang cotton field. The residual film recovery behavior of the cotton planters was studied based on the questionnaire survey of the cotton planters in Xinjiang. Descriptive statistics and Logistic regression model were used to analyze the factors affecting the recovery behavior of the cotton planters in Xinjiang. The results showed that (1) The recovery rate of agricultural mulching film in Xinjiang was low,and the situation of film pollution was severe.(2) The cotton planters were short of cognition about residual film damage and lacked of understanding of indirect value of residual film recovery,which affected the efficiency of residual film recovery in Xinjiang.(3) The cost and income of residual film recovery were the key factor affecting the recovery behavior of the cotton planters,other factors such as the age of the cotton planters,the years of cotton planting,the cognition of residual film damage,the number of farm labors and the government’s attention to the residual film pollution had an important influence on the recovery behavior of the cotton planters. Modern media such as network and television broadcasting have a great impact on the cognition level of the cotton planters residual film harm,a less costly way of handling residual film such as burning and piling up in the ground is more willing to adopt by the cotton planters. Therefore,the countermeasures and suggestions are put forward to guide the cotton planters to recover the residual film and improve the recovery efficiency of residual film in cotton field.