民间文学艺术表达司法实践发现和概念再认识——兼评《民间文学艺术作品著作权保护条例》(征求意见稿)第二条

Research on Judicial Practices of Copyright Protection and Recognition of the Conception of Traditional Cultural Expressions——Comment on Article Ⅱ of Regulations on Copyright of Traditional Cultural Expressions(Exposure Draft)

民间文学艺术表达的著作权保护应明确传统性和群体性要求,注重保护审美价值,而非拘泥于物质形式固定。把握民间文学艺术表达概念内涵应重点界定传承性,同时关注文化价值,放宽对集体创作方面的要求,将个人和家族纳入到创作集体范畴。结合我国社会管理特点,授权地方政府代表创作集体主张权利。民间文学艺术表达外延应将传统手工技艺表达、传统工艺美术和杂技的外在表现形式也纳入到保护范围。

The copyright protection of folk literature and art expression should clarify the traditional and collective requirements,pay attention to the protection of aesthetic value,rather than being restricted to the fixed material form.To grasp the concept and connotation of folk literature and art expression,we should focus on defining inheritance,pay attention to cultural value as well,relax the requirements on collective creation,and include individuals and families into the category of creative collective.Combined with the characteristics of social management in China,local governments should be authorized to represent creative groups to claim rights.The extension of folk literature and art expression should include the expression of traditional handicraft,traditional arts and crafts and the external expression of acrobatics,all of which should be included into the scope of protection.