新疆居民的心理和谐现状及其特点

The Current Situation and Characteristics of Psychological Harmony of Xinjiang Residents

心理和谐是民族关系和谐、边疆安全稳定的重要基础。为了解新疆居民心理和谐的状况及特点,在新疆南疆和北疆抽取1477名成人被试,采用民族成年人心理和谐量表(MHS-EA)测试。结果发现,新疆居民心理和谐总体水平(3. 66±0. 58)处在不确定到比较和谐区间内; 27. 90%的居民心理和谐程度较高,61. 90%的居民心理和谐水平处于"不确定"到"比较和谐"之间,10. 20%的居民心理不和谐。不同民族的心理和谐程度存在差异。城市居民的心理和谐分数最高,乡镇居民居中,农村居民最低。佛教居民的心理和谐分数较高。政府机构和事业单位公职人员、退休居民的心理和谐程度较高,外出务工、丧失劳动能力的群体的心理和谐程度较低。已婚群体心理和谐水平显著高于未婚、离婚、丧偶、同居群体,分居民族居民心理和谐程度最低。居民的心理和谐水平随着受教育年限增加、家庭月收入增加而上升。青年、中年、老年居民心理和谐水平逐步升高。整个研究表明,新疆居民的心理基本和谐,民族、职业、婚姻状况、教育程度、年龄和收入水平对心理和谐有一定影响。

Psychological harmony is an important basis for the harmony of ethnic relations and the security and stability of border areas. In order to understand the current situation and characteristics of the psychological harmony of residents in Xinjiang, 1477 adult subjects were selected in the south of Xinjiang and the north of Xinjiang, using the National Adult Mental Harmony Scale (MHS-EA) test. The results show that the overall level of psychological harmony of residents in Xinjiang (3.66±0.58) is in the uncertainty to the comparatively harmonious interval;27.90% of the residents have higher psychological harmony, and 61.90% of the residents' psychological harmony level is “unsure” to “more harmonious”;10.20% of the residents are psychologically discordant. There are differences in the degree of psychological harmony between different ethnic groups. Urban residents have the highest psychological harmony scores, township residents are in the middle, and rural residents are the lowest. Buddhist residents have higher psychological harmony scores. The psychological harmony of public officials and retired residents of government agencies and institutions is relatively high, and the psychological harmony of groups who go out to work and lose their ability to work is low. The psychological harmony level of married groups is significantly higher than that of unmarried, divorced, widowed, and cohabiting groups. The level of psychological harmony of residents increases as the number of years of schooling increases and the monthly income of the family increases. The psychological harmony level of young, middle-aged and elderly residents has gradually increased. The whole study shows that the psychology of Xinjiang residents is basically harmonious, and the national, occupation, marital status, education level, age and income levels have certain influence on psychological harmony.