“筏喻”的体育观:从运动技能学习到人的全面发展的工具论

The Sports View of “Raft Metaphor”:A Tool Theory from Sports Skills Learning to Man's All-round Development

对体育促进人的全面发展的作用进行研究,发现在学习层次不断提高的情况下,旧有的认知结构不断被取代,对事物的理解是通过持续的"舍弃"外在的形式,而一步步走向本质。这种现象正好和《金刚经》中的"筏喻"典故吻合。认为,人的全面发展是一个思想层次不断提高的过程,体育与其他学科共同发挥着作用。体育学科依据其特有的规律,在人的全面发展过程中,会有五个明显的阶段,每个阶段都有"筏喻"中提到的"舍法"现象:在动作技能习得阶段,舍弃外部知识,形成自我意识;在战略战术培养阶段,舍弃自我认知,形成体育意识;在发现与创造体育之美阶段,舍弃对立意识,达到人格统一;在理解体育本质阶段,舍弃项目认知,深入体育本质;在获得核心素养阶段,"扬弃"体育,促进全面发展。

By studying the role of sports in promoting the all-round development of human beings, it is found that with the continuous improvement of learning level, the old cognitive structure is constantly replaced, and the understanding of things is going to the essence step by step through the continuous “abandonment” of the external form. This phenomenon coincides with the allusion of “raft metaphor” in the Diamond Sutra. It is believed that the all-round development of human beings is a process of continuous improvement of ideological level, and sports and other disciplines play a role together. According to its unique laws, there are five distinct stages in the overall development of human beings, each of which has the phenomenon of “abandoning law” mentioned in “raft metaphor”: abandoning external knowledge and forming self-consciousness in the acquisition stage of sports movement skills;abandoning self-awareness and forming sports consciousness in the training stage of strategy and tactics;abandoning the sense of opposition.and achieving personality Unity in the stage of discovering and creating sports beauty;abandoning sport item cognition and deepening the essence of sports at the stage of understanding the essence of sports;sublating sports to promote all-round development at the stage of acquiring core literacy.