洞庭湖区生态高效“四水”模式的探索与实践——以湖南省安乡县为例

Exploration and Practice of Ecological Efficient "Four Waters" Mode in Dongting Lake Area——A Case Study of Anxiang County in Hunan Province

"四水"模式是指以稻田为基础,按一定面积连片开发为标准丘块,田中间为稻田,四周为养殖水沟,外围为田埂。中间稻田种植水稻,田中、沟中套养水产品——龙虾,沟中部分水面以及田埂与水面交汇处种植水生蔬菜,田埂上种植水果。该模式技术控制点为科学选地合理布局,模式组装生态优先,施肥用药安全第一,经济高效良性循环,具有生物除草、除虫、松土与增肥、增氧、增碳,改善田间小气候,保护环境等作用,能提高土地、水资源利用率,实现农业避灾减灾,充分利用农村劳动力,确保农产品质量安全,促进农业供给侧结构性改革。

The"four water"mode refers to the rice-field based on continuous development as a standard hillock in a certain area,which is rice field in the middle,aquaculture ditch around and ridges on the periphery.Rice is planted in the middle paddy field,and aquatic products--lobster are intercropped in the middle of the field and in the ditch,aquatic vegetables are planted on the part of the water surface in the ditch and at the intersection of the ridge and the water surface,and fruits are planted on the ridge.The mode with reasonable and ecological layout,safety fertilizing medication,and also economic efficient circulation,which plays a role in protecting environment to reduce the weed and pest,and add fertilizer,oxygen and carbon,improve the field microclimate and so on,and also can improve the utilization of land and water resources,most importantly,those could promote agriculture to avoid disaster relief,make full use of rural labor force,aiming to ensure the quality and safety of agricultural products,promote agricultural reforms with supply side structural type.