探讨上前牙区延期即刻种植修复的美学效果及对种植体周围软组织的影响

Aesthetic effect and soft tissue around implant in the uppe ranterior tooth area after immediate-delayed implantation

目的探讨上前牙区延期即刻种植修复的美学效果及对种植体周围软组织的影响。方法选取于空军特色医学中心(原空军总医院)进行上前牙区种植修复的患者50例为研究对象,根据治疗方式的不同分为观察组和对照组,各25例,分别采用延期即刻种植修复及即刻种植修复2种方法,修复完成后随访12个月。记录随访期间2组修复美学评分,观察种植体周围软组织及骨吸收值的变化,评价种植成功率。结果修复后1～12个月,观察组各级美学评分与对照组比较均差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。修复后1个月观察组mSBI高于对照组(P<0.05),修复后1～12个月观察组PD均低于对照组(P<0.05),修复后6个月观察组骨吸收值低于对照组(P<0.05),2组修复后12个月成功率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论延期即刻种植可使上前牙区种植患者获得更佳的美学效果,且种植体周围软组织健康程度更好,同时可降低牙槽骨的吸收。

Objective To explore the aesthetic effect of delayed immediate implant restoration and its influence on soft tissues around the implant in the upper anterior tooth area after immediate-delayed implantation. Methods Fifty cases of implant restoration in the upper anterior tooth area treated in Air Force General Hospital were selected and divided into the observation group and control group with 25 cases in each group according to treatment methods (immediate-delayed implantation and immediate implant repair). Twelve-month follow-up was carried out after the completion of the repair. Changes of aesthetic scores, soft tissue around the implant and bone resorption of the two groups were observed and recorded, and the success rate of implant was evaluated during the follow-up. Results Twelve months after the repair, the aesthetic scores of the observation group were significantly different from those of the control group (P<0.05). mSBI in the observation group was higher than that in the control group one month after repair (P<0.05), while PD in the observation group was lower than that of the control group 12 months after repair (P<0.05). The bone resorption of the observation group was lower than that of the control group six months after repair (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the success rate of implant between the two groups 12 months after repair (P>0.05). Conclusion Immediate-delayed implantation can ensure better aesthetic results for patients in upper anterior tooth area implant, the soft tissue around the implant is healthier, and the absorption of the alveolar bone can be reduced.