我国股东查阅权诉讼制度的完善——以“正当目的”为视角

The Perfection of Shareholders' Inspection Right in China:From the Perspective of “Proper Purpose”

查阅权是股东知情权的重要组成部分,但是我国的股东查阅权诉讼制度出现了价值取向上的失衡、规则设置上的疏漏和裁判上的乱象,其原因在于对股东行使查阅权的"正当目的"概念的价值中空。通过对"正当目的"概念的文义解释,并借助域外立法例对"正当目的"的内涵进行价值填充,并通过司法实践的类型化分析划定"正当目的"的外延范围;通过对"正当目的"的目的解释,证成"正当目的"不仅是股东的说明义务,在诉讼中也应当作为证明对象,由股东承担相应的举证责任。根据不同查阅权诉讼类型设计举证责任分配方案,最后由法官在正确适用规范的基础上,根据"正当目的"之内涵和比例原则作出公正的裁判。通过对股东查阅权诉讼制度的完善,以期能够在股东利益和公司自治之间寻求一条适当的裁判路径,更好地平衡两者之间的利益。

The inspection right is critical crucial to shareholders’inspection right.However,the value orientation of litigation system of shareholders’right to books and records in our country is unbalanced,the rules are inadequate and the judgment is confused.The reason lies in the value hollow of the concept of“proper purpose”of shareholders’right to books and records.By interpreting the meaning of the concept of“proper purpose”,taking extraterritorial legislation as reference,the present study aims to fill the value hollow of“proper purpose”.By typological analysis based on judicial practice,the extension scope of“proper purpose”is to be defined.By teleological interpretation,we will prove that“legitimate purpose”is not only a duty of explanation,but also should be regarded as shareholder’s“proof burden”.According to different types of“proper purpose”,the allocation scheme of burden of proof and the judgment pathway are designed.Finally,the judge can make fair judgment according to the connotation of“proper purpose”and the“principle of proportionality”on the basis of correct application of norms.Through the improvement of shareholder’s inspection right litigation system,we hope to find a proper judgment pathway to balancing shareholder’s interests and corporate autonomy.