越地才女南宋宁宗杨皇后宫词创作探索

The Ci-poetry Writing of Talented Yang, Empress of Emperor Ningzong in the Southern Song Dynasty

失去本姓的越地民间小女,偶然入宫,凭借勤奋好学与灵心蕙质,由伺奉四朝吴太后的卑微宫女而为宁宗所宠。从婕妤、贵妃到皇后,随着地位的攀升,逐渐接近南宋朝廷权力中枢,既参议乃至主持朝政,也放纵才思挥洒笔墨。明人毛晋将其创作与徽宗并列,称《二家宫词》。徽宗宫词使北宋失去汴京、花蕊夫人宫词给后蜀画上了句号,杨皇后宫词则给偏安江南臣民以国势复兴的精神鼓舞。杨皇后的宫词描写出帝苑生活常态,突出南宋皇家气象,取得主旨深邃、人物形象鲜明的独特成就,于皇后"特殊群体"中一枝独秀,既展现浸润自然灵性越文化特质的创作魅力,也给迄宋时已日趋式微的宫闱才女文学演变带来了活力。

A little local girl from the Yue region who lost her surname went to the Court by accident.By virtue of diligence and intelligence she was favored by Ningzong after having been a maid to serve the Queen Mother Wu who had undergone the reign of four emperors.As her status rose from Jieyu to an imperial concubine and finally to the queen,she gradually approached the center of authority in the Southern Song dynasty,partaking in and even presiding over the official affairs while exhibiting her wisdom in ci-poetry writing.Mao Jin,a scholar in the Ming dynasty,regarded her writings as good as those of Huizong(an emperor in the Northern Song dynasty),hence Er Jia Gong Ci.The palace ci-poetry of Huizong witnessed the loss of Bianjing in the Northern Song dynasty and those by Concubine Huarui led to the end of the Later Shu,whereas the palace ci-poetry written by Empress Yang inspired the subjects on their way to national rejuvenation.Empress Yang’s palace ci-poetry depicts the daily life of the loyal Court and highlights the lofty royal family of the Southern Song dynasty.Her ci-poetry having profound themes and vivid characters,she is rather unique as an empress.Her ci-poetry not only shows the glamour full of natural spirituality with the culture of Yue but also brings life to the literature of the then gradually disappearing talented court maids to the Song dynasty.