不同用量保水剂对沿海沙地麻竹生理特征的影响

Effects of different dosages of super absorbent polymers(SAP) on physiological indexes of Dendrocalamus latiflorus in coastal sand

【目的】探究施用保水剂对麻竹(Dendrocalamus latiflorus)夏季叶片生理特征的影响,为其在沿海防护竹林经营中推广应用提供科学依据。【方法】以2年生麻竹为试验材料,于4月分别沟施30.0、60.0和90.0 kg/ha保水剂,以不施用保水剂为对照(CK),7、8和9月测定麻竹叶片的生理指标和叶绿素荧光参数等指标,并通过主成分分析法和隶属函数法对保水剂施用效果进行综合评价。【结果】随保水剂用量的增加,在同一月份(分别为7、8和9月)测定麻竹叶片的叶绿素、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量均呈先增加后减少的变化趋势,过氧化物酶(POD)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性呈先升高后降低的变化趋势,电解质渗透率和丙二醛(MDA)含量呈降低趋势。在相同用量保水剂处理下,7、8和9月麻竹叶片的叶绿素和可溶性糖含量呈逐渐增加趋势,POD活性呈逐渐升高趋势,可溶性蛋白含量呈先减少后增加的变化趋势,SOD活性呈先降低后升高的变化趋势,电解质渗透率呈先升高后降低的变化趋势,MDA含量呈先增加后减少的变化趋势。在同一测定月份,麻竹叶片的最大光化学效率(F_v/F_m)、实际光化学效率(Φ_(PSII))、光化学淬灭(qP)和非光化学淬灭(qN)均随保水剂用量增加呈逐渐升高的变化趋势。相同用量保水剂处理麻竹叶片的F_v/F_m、Φ_(PSII)、qP和qN在7、8和9月均呈先降低后升高的变化趋势。主成分分析和综合评价结果表明,不同用量保水剂对夏季生长麻竹的保水效果排序为60.0 kg/ha>90.0 kg/ha>30.0 kg/ha>CK。【结论】利用隶属函数法可综合评价不同用量保水剂对麻竹的保水效果;沟施60.0 kg/ha保水剂对麻竹的保水效果最佳,可在沿海沙地竹林栽培中推广使用。

【Objective】Dendrocalamus latiflorus were used to study the effects of different dosages of super absorbent polymers(SAP)on physiology indexes of bamboo leaves in summer,which provided a scientific basis for the application of SAP in coastal protection bamboo forest management.【Method】2-year-old D.latiflorus were used as materials.30.0,60.0 and 90.0 kg/ha SAP were applied in furrows in April respectively.The physiological indexes and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of D.latiflorus leaves were detected in July,August and September.And the effects of SAP were evaluated with principal component analysis and membership function method.【Result】During the same month(July,August and September),the detected chlorophyll content,soluble sugar content,soluble protein content,superoxide dismutase(SOD)and peroxidase(POD)activities in D.latiflorus leaves increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of the amount of SAP dosages.The electrolyte permeability rate and malondialdehyde(MDA)content in leaves gradually decreased.During July,August and September,under the same SAP dosage treatment,chlorophyll content,soluble sugar content and POD activity gradually increased.Soluble protein content and SOD activity firstly decreased and then increased,the electrolyte permeability rate and MDA content showed the contrary tendency.During the same month,maximal photochemical efficiency(Fv/Fm),actual photochemical efficiency(ΦPSII),photochemical quenching coefficient(qP)and non photochemical quenching(qN)had gradually increasing trend with the increase of the amount of SAP.Under the same SAP dosage treatment,Fv/Fm,ΦPSII,qP and qN showed a gradual decline at first and then rose in the three months.Principal component analysis and comprehensive evaluation indicated that,the effects of SAP of different dosages on growth of D.latiflorus in summer was 60.0 kg/ha>90.0 kg/ha>30.0 kg/ha.【Conclusion】Membership function method can be used to evaluate the effects of different dosage of SAP on D.latiflorus.The effect of furrow application of 60.0 kg/ha SAP is the optimal.This method can be applied in bamboo cultivation on coastal sand.