黑皮鸡枞液体菌种发酵罐培养条件的优化

Optimization of culture conditions of fermentation technology for Oudemansiella raphanipes liquid strain fermenter

【目的】优化黑皮鸡枞液体菌种发酵罐培养条件,为大规模培养黑皮鸡枞液体栽培菌种及提高黑皮鸡枞菌产量和品质提供参考依据。【方法】采用液体发酵罐培养技术,以黑皮鸡枞液体菌种的菌球直径、均匀度、菌丝干重、漆酶、纤维素酶和多酚氧化酶活性为指标,通过单因素试验和均匀试验,优化碳(C)源、氮(N)源、碳氮添加量比(C/N)、接种量、装液量、培养温度和培养时间,筛选出黑皮鸡枞液体菌种发酵罐培养的最佳培养基和发酵工艺,并开展液体菌种栽培试验。【结果】黑皮鸡枞液体菌种发酵罐培养的最佳培养基为20.0 g葡萄糖+4.0 g高粱粉+3.0 g K_2HPO_4+1.0 g MgSO_4+2片维生素B_1+1000.0 mL蒸馏水,pH 6.5;发酵工艺:装液量12 L,接种量12%,培养温度25℃,转速90 r/min,培养时间100 h,罐压0.3 MPa,通气量0.9 m3/h。栽培试验结果表明,在最佳培养基和培养工艺条件下获得的液体菌种其栽培黑皮鸡枞菌丝生长速度快,满袋时间为29 d,平均每袋产量约360.0 g,生物学转化率达78.0%。【结论】将液体菌种发酵罐培养技术与工厂化栽培技术有机结合,可实现黑皮鸡枞菌的规模化、标准化、现代化和工厂化生产。

【Objective】The culture conditions of fermenting tanks for Oudemansiella raphanipes liquid strain were optimized,which provided reference for large-scale cultivation of liquid culture strains and the improvement of the yield and quality of O.raphanipes.【Method】Using liquid fermenter culture technology,the ball diameter,uniformity,dry weight of the mycelium,laccase activity,cellulase activity and polyphenol oxidase activity of the liquid strain of O.raphanipes were used as indicators.Through single factor and uniform experiments,optimized carbon(C)source,nitrogen(N)source,carbon and nitrogen add ratio(C/N),inoculum amount,volume of liquid,culture temperature and incubation time,the optimum medium and fermentation process of O.raphanipes liquid strains were screened,and the cultivation experiment of liquid strain was carried out.【Result】The best medium for fermentation of O.raphanipes liquid strains by fermenter:glucose 20.0 g+sorghum powder 4.0 g+K2HPO4 3.0 g+MgSO4 1.0 g+vitamin B1 2 tablets+distilled water 1000.0 mL,pH 6.5.Fermentation process:liquid content 12 L,inoculation amount 12%,culture temperature 25℃,stirring speed 90 r/min,culture time 100 h,tank pressure 0.3 MPa,ventilation volume 0.9 m3/h.The results of the cultivation experiment showed that the mycelium of the O.raphanipes cultivated in the liquid culture under the optimal medium and the optimum process conditions had a fast growth rate,the mycelium full bag time was 29 d,and the average yield each bag was about 360.0 g.The biological conversion rate reached 78.0%.【Conclusion】It is possible to realize the large-scale,standardized and modern industrial production of O.raphanipes by combining the liquid strain fermenter production technology with the industrial cultivation technology.