外加纵向磁场对5083铝合金P-GMAW过程的影响

Effect of external longitudinal magnetic field on P-GMAW process of 5083 aluminum alloy

对厚度10 mm的5083铝合金板材进行P-GMAW堆焊试验,在焊接电流240 A的条件下,对比研究有无外加纵向磁场条件下P-GMAW过程中电弧形态、熔滴过渡和熔池行为的差异。结果表明:外加纵向磁场使得电弧快速旋转,弧长变短,熔滴受到切向力作用而旋转,熔滴过渡时出现明显的缩颈,熔池表面出现灰色漂浮物,熔池左右两侧表面波纹不均匀,熔池轮廓向一侧偏移;外加纵向磁场不会改变电弧形态和熔滴过渡的对称性,但是会使熔池受到外加电磁力作用,影响熔池流动的对称性,从而使焊缝偏移。

The P-GMAW is carried out on a 5083 aluminum alloy sheet with a thickness of 10 mm.Under the condition of welding current of 240 A,the arc shape,metal transfer and molten pool behavior during P-GMAW process with or without external longitudinal magnetic field are compared.The results show that the external magnetic field causes the arc to rotate rapidly,the arc length becomes shorter,the droplet is rotated by the tangential force,the neck is obviously constricted during the droplet transfer,and the gray floating object appears on the surface of the molten pool.The corrugation on both sides of the molten pool is uneven,and the contour of molten pool is shifted to one side;the external longitudinal magnetic field does not change the symmetry of arc shape and metal transition,but the molten pool is subjected to an external electromagnetic force,which affects the symmetry of the molten pool flow,thereby the weld offset appears.