播期和密度对华麦1028农艺性状及产量的影响

Effects of Sowing Date and Planting Density on Agronomic Traits and Grain Yield of Huamai 1028

为规范完善小麦新品种华麦1028高产优质配套栽培技术,设置了播期及密度2因素随机区组试验,研究了播期及密度对该品种的生长发育、产量及其构成因素的影响。结果表明,播期与密度对华麦1028部分农艺性状以及产量、产量构成因素都有影响。随着播期的推迟,华麦1028的生育期各阶段不同程度延后,使全生育期缩短。株高随着播期的推迟和密度的增加呈逐渐降低的趋势,高产栽培中在适期播期范围内应适当推迟播种,有利于减少倒伏风险。随着播期的推迟和播种密度的增加,群体穗数增加,而成穗率、穗粒数及千粒重均呈下降趋势。在试验条件下,该地区华麦1028适宜播期为10月25—11月14日,适宜播种密度225万～375万株/hm^2。

In order to standardize and improve the high-yield and high-quality supporting cultivation techniques of new wheat variety Huamai 1028, a randomized block experiment was conducted to study the effects of sowing date and density on the growth,yield and its components of Huamai 1028.The results showed that sowing date and density affected some agronomic characters, yield and its components of Huamai 1028.With the delay of the sowing date,the various stages of the growth period of Huamai 1028 were delayed in different degrees,resulting in the shortening of the whole growth period.The plant height decreased gradually with the postponement of sowing date and the increase of density.It was beneficial to reduce the lodging risk to postpone sowing in suitable sowing date in high-yielding cultivation.With the delay of sowing date and the increase of seeding density,the number of spikes in the population increased,and the rate of spike formation, grain number per spike and 1 000-grain weight decreased. Under the conditions of this experiment,the suitable sowing date of Huamai 1028 in this region was from October 25 to November 14,and the suitable seeding density was 2.25 million-3.75 million/hm^2.