基于1987—2016年气象数据的河南省气候舒适度时空变化特征研究

Spatial and Temporal Change Characteristics of Climate Comfortableness in Henan Province Based on 1987-2016 Meteorological Data

为了解河南省气候舒适度的时空分布特征,以河南省127个县市30年的气象资料为基础,分析各地温湿指数、风效指数和舒适度指数的年际、年内和空间变化特征并评价其舒适状况.结果表明:①3种指数在年际和年内变化都呈现高度一致性,其中温湿指数对判定气候舒适度的变化更敏感,最高等级值达到5级,除冬季外,风效指数和舒适度指数的等级值未超过3级;②河南省北部和西部的气候舒适期开始较晚,结束较早,持续时间短,全省的最佳旅游时段为4—6月和9—10月,其中,5月和9月最舒适;③全省春秋两季气候都很舒适,冬季全省气候舒适度较低,不适宜室外旅行;夏季气候舒适度受高温影响大部分较低,但豫西豫北山地尚可.

To understand the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of climate comfortableness in Henan Province,this paper analyzes the interannual,inter-monthly and spatial variations of the three indices of temperature humidity index,wind effect index and comfort index and evaluates their comfort based on the 30 years meteorological data of 127 counties and cities in Henan Province. The results show that the three indexes show a high degree of consistency in the interannual and inter-monthly changes. The temperature humidity index is more sensitive to the changes in climate comfortableness. And the highest grade value reaches the level 5. Except winter,the ratings of the wind index and comfort index do not exceed the level 3. The comfort period in the northern and western parts of Henan Province starts later and ends earlier,and the duration is short. The best tourist time in the province is April- June and September-October. It is most comfortable in May and September. The climate in both the spring and autumn seasons in the province is very comfortable. In winter,the comfort level in the whole province is low and it is not suitable for the outdoor travel. In summer,most areas are less comfortable which due to the high temperatures. Summer tourism is recommended for the summer resorts in the mountains of western and northern Henan.