平潭野生乡土地被植物资源调查与园林应用评价

Investigation and landscape application evaluation of wild native groundcover plant resources in Pingtan

福建省平潭县具有丰富的海岛特色地被资源。本研究采用样线法对平潭野生地被植物资源进行调查,构建野生乡土地被植物评价体系,并运用层次分析法进行综合评价,为风景型海岛城市的地被生态景观及防护林林下地被群落建设提供参考。结果表明,平潭有野生乡土地被植物227种,以草本(占78.26%)为主。评价模型一级因子中,适应能力(0.383 0)和观赏效果(0.277 6)权重值较高;二级因子中,盐碱适应能力最高,抗风适应能力、覆盖能力、整体观赏效果和生态效益较高(均大于0.08)。本评价体系共筛选出厚藤(Ipomoea pes-caprae)、中华补血草(Limoniumsinense)、海边月见草(Oenothera drummondii)、滨海珍珠菜(Lysimachia mauritiana)等54种优良地被植物。此外,针对滨海沙地、基岩、盐生湿地和海岸林4种生境的地被景观提出了适宜的植物配置方式。

There are many groundcover resources with island characteristics in Pintan Island. In this study, the line transect method was applied to investigate wild plant species that are potential groundcover resources on Pingtan Island. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was utilized to evaluate the application values in creating the understory groundcover community of sheltered forest or ecological groundcover landscapes based on the investigated plant species after the establishment of the evaluation system for wild groundcover species. There were 227 species of wild groundcover plants in Pingtan. Herbaceous species accounted for 78.26% of the total species. In the first level factors of the evaluation model, the weighted values of adaptability and ornamental effects were the highest with values of 0.383 0 and 0.277 6, respectively. In the second-level factors, the weighted value of the saline-alkaline adaptability was the highest, and the wind-resistance, covering power, whole ornamental effect, and ecological benefits were also high (all above 0.08). By this evaluation system, 54 desirable groundcover species including Ipomoea pes-caprae, Limonium sinense, Oenothera drummondii, and Lysimachia mauritiana were screened out from the initial investigated species on Pingtan island. Furthermore, focusing on the four habitats of coastal sand, bedrock coast, saline wetland, and coastal forest, several suitable plant configuration modes of groundcover landscape are proposed.