喀斯特地区白刺花营养物质和酚类物质的含量动态

The dynamic variations in nutrient and phenolic content in Sophora davidii in a Karst region of Guizhou Province

以贵州喀斯特地区饲用灌木白刺花(Sophora davidii)为研究对象,探讨其不同生育期常规营养物质和酚类物质的含量变化趋势。结果表明,粗蛋白在营养期、开花期、结荚期显著高于成熟期(P <0.05),无氮浸出物、粗灰分和粗脂肪含量随白刺花生育期延长而降低(P <0.05);干物质、粗纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维和钙含量随生育期延长而升高(P <0.05);单宁含量在白刺花各生育时期内差异不显著(P> 0.05),但有降低的趋势,其他酚类物质随着生育期延长而降低(P <0.05)。开花期和结荚期单宁含量较营养期低,且这两个生育期粗蛋白含量和饲料相对值高,具有较好的饲喂价值。综合考虑,建议白刺花的最佳利用时期为开花期到结荚期。本研究可为白刺花在贵州喀斯特山地畜牧业中的高效利用提供重要的理论支撑。

The dynamic variations of nutrient and phenolic content in Sophora davidii in a Karst region of the Guizhou Province were investigated in the study. Results showed that the content of crude protein in the vegetative, flowering, and seed set stages was higher than in the maturation stage (P < 0.05). The content of nitrogen free extract, crude ash, and ether extracts decreased with the increasing growth period (P < 0.05). The content of dry matter, crude fiber, acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and calcium increased with the increasing growth period (P < 0.05). The content of tannin had no significant relationship with the different growth stages (P > 0.05);however, other phenolics decreased with the increasing growth period (P < 0.05). The content of tannin in the flowering and seed set stages was more suitable for feeding animals than in the vegetative stage, while higher crude protein and relative forage values were also obtained in the former. Considering all factors, we suggest that the best utilization period for feeding animals with Sophora davidii is from the flowering to seed set stages. This study can provide theoretical support for the efficient use of Sophora davidii in animal husbandry in the Karst areas of Guizhou Province.