行政裁量基准适用技术的规范研究——以方林富炒货店“最”字广告用语行政处罚案为例

Normative Research into Application Technique of Administrative Discretion Standard——Taking the Administrative Penalty Case of the Fang Linfu Roasted Seeds and Nuts Store for Using the Word "Best" in Its Advertisement as an Example

行政法治的核心在于裁量之治,对行政裁量权的规制不应仅限于裁量基准的制度化设定,而应把目光聚集于裁量基准的技术化适用上,这是"行政自制"的行政权内部控制模式对积极行政的应然要求。以方林富炒货店行政处罚案为例证,裁量基准适用中说明理由的技艺、运用行政证据补强裁量基准适用的技巧以及裁量基准变通适用的技能等法的适用技术,统摄着行政执法的价值、事实、规范与程序,连结着个案正义的追求,决定着实质法治的具体实现。以行政法律方法论为基础构建的裁量基准适用技术并以此为核心建构起行政法律方法论的研究体系与框架,应是我国行政法学发展的时代课题,更为重要的是,其将为我们开启一条以"法律方法论"为维度的技术法治之路。

The core of administrative rule of law lies in the rule of administrative discretion,but the regulation of administrative discretion should not be limited to the institutional establishment of administrative discretion standard and our attention should be focused on its technical application,which is the should-be requirement of proactive administration by the internal control mode of administrative power as the " administrative self-regulation". Taking the administrative penalty case of Fang Linfu Roasted Seeds and Nuts Store as an example,in the application of administrative discretion standard,legal application techniques such as the art of giving reasons,the skill of using administrative evidence to reinforce the application of administrative discretion standard,and the ability to apply adapted administrative discretion standard govern the value,facts,norms and procedures of administrative law enforcement,link the pursuit of justice in every individual cases,and determine the realization of the substantive rule of law. The application techniques of administrative discretion standard originate from the legal methodology of administrative law. Constructing the research system and framework of the legal methodology of administrative law should be the subject of this era for the development of administrative law in China. More importantly,it will open up a road of technological rule of law in the dimension of "legal methodology".