苗期喷施水杨酸对甜叶菊主要农艺性状和糖苷含量的影响

Effect of Spraying Salicylic Acid on the Main Agronomic Traits and Glycosides Contents of Stevia rebaudiana at the Seedling Stage

采用不同浓度水杨酸(0.5、1、2、4、8mmol·L^(-1))以及水杨酸抑制剂1-氨基苯并三唑(ABT)10μmol·L^(-1)喷施大棚内以及大田中甜叶菊苗期叶片,探究其对甜叶菊主要农艺性状、叶片糖苷含量以及采收时期甜叶菊叶片水杨酸含量的影响。结果表明:(1)随着水杨酸处理浓度升高,大棚和大田中甜叶菊主要农艺性状大多均表现出先增加后降低的趋势;2mmol·L^(-1)水杨酸处理下,大棚内和大田中甜叶菊主要农艺性状均有显著增加,其单株叶干重产量分别为1.03和16.76g较对照(0.76和12.34g)增加39.96%和9.52%;ABT处理对甜叶菊农艺性状均有一定抑制作用。(2)甜叶菊叶片总糖苷及其组分含量在1mmol·L^(-1)水杨酸处理后均有明显升高,且在2mmol·L^(-1)水杨酸浓度下达到最高值,此时大棚和大田中甜叶菊叶片总糖苷含量分别为16.75%、14.57%比对照(13.33%、12.03%)增加25.66%和16.18%,RA苷也均有显著增加并达到10.59%和9.77%。(3)采收时期大田甜叶菊叶片水杨酸含量在1和2mmol·L^(-1)处理后与对照组无显著差异,在4和8mmol·L^(-1)水杨酸处理后显著提高,而在ABT处理后有所降低。研究认为,叶面喷施适宜浓度水杨酸可显著提高甜叶菊产量和糖苷含量,尤其是RA苷含量,且不影响采收期叶片水杨酸含量,生产中可采用2mmol·L^(-1)水杨酸苗期喷施甜叶菊以提高产量和改进品质。

We sprayed different concentrations of salicylic acid (0.5,1,2,4,8 mmol·L^-1 ) and 10 μmol·L^-1 1-aminophentriazole (ABT),which was the inhibitor of salicylic acid on the seedling leaves of S.rebaudiana in the greenhouses and in the field,in order to explore the effects of salicylic acid on the main agronomic traits,glucoside and salicylic acid contents of S.rebaudiana leaves during harvest period.The results showed that:(1) the main agronomic characters of S.rebaudiana in the greenhouse and field increased first and then decreased with the increase of salicylic acid concentration in this experiment.Under the treatment of 2 mmol·L^-1 salicylic acid,the main agronomic characters of S.rebaudiana increased significantly in the greenhouse and field.And the dry weight per plant was 1.03 g and 16.76 g,respectively,which increased by 39.96% and 9.52% compared with 0.76 g and 12.34 g of the control.ABT treatment inhibited the agronomic traits of S.rebaudiana to some degree.(2) The contents of total glycoside and its composites of S.rebaudiana increased obviously under 1 mmol·L^-1 salicylic acid treatment,and reached the highest under 2 mmol·L^-1 salicylic acid treatment.The total glucoside contents of S.rebaudiana leaves in the greenhouse and field were 16.75% and 14.57%,respectively,which increased by 25.66% and 16.18% compared with 13.33% and 12.03% of the control,and RA glycosides also increased significantly to 10.59% and 9.77%,respectively.(3) The salicylic acid contents of S.rebaudiana leaves at the harvest time under 1 mmol·L^-1 and 2 mmol·L^-1 salicylic acid treatments had no significant difference with that of the control,but increased significantly after treatment with 4 and 8 mmol·L^-1 salicylic acid.The salicylic acid contents decreased a little under the treatments with ABT.It is suggested that spraying appropriate concentration of salicylic acid help to improve the yield and glycoside content of S.rebaudiana ,especially the RA content.2 mmol·L^-1 salicylic acid could be used to spray S.rebaudiana at the seedling stage in order to improve the yield and quality.