贵州省铜仁市建成区园林树木区系地理分析

Floristics of Landscape Trees from Built-up Area of Tongren City

2016年5-9月,对贵州省铜仁市建成区园林树木进行调查,并按吴征镒的分布区类型对其进行区系地理分析。结果表明,铜仁市建成区共有园林树木共有191种(含亚种、变种和变型,不包括栽培变种和杂交种),隶属于68科131属,属种系数68.59%;其中原生植物43科67属72种,外来植物50科79属119种,外来植物种类是原生植物的1.65倍,具有典型的人工化与城市化特征。与临近纬度的地级市相比,铜仁市建成区树种资源丰富度和多样性均较居中。属级地理成分上,表现出温带成分高于热带成分,说明该地区园林树木的区系组成以温带成分为主;并以外来植物表现较突出,反映铜仁市建成区以温带性质树种引种栽培为主,符合当地区系地理。外来植物在属级各类热带成分上,与原生植物的属总数几乎等同,但是种总数及种类多样性上却相对丰富。

Investigations were conducted from May to September of 2016 on landscape trees at built-up area of Tongren city, Guizhou province. The result showed that there were 191 species (including subspecies, varieties and variations, excluding cultivar and hybrids) belonging to 68 families and 131 genera. Ratio of genus and species was 68.59%. There were 72 species of native plants belonging to 43 families and 67 genera, 119 species of exotic plants belonging to 50 genera and 79 families. The exotic species had 1.65 time than native one, indicating typical characteristics of artificial and urbanization. Tree species richness and diversity at the built-up area in Tongren was moderate compared with that in other cities with similar latitude. Geographical composition of genera in the city showed more temperate component than tropical one, indicating that more exotic plants.