积极心理品质在烧伤康复期情绪障碍患者中的作用

Effects of Positive Psychological Quality in Patients with Emotional Disorders during Burn Rehabilitation Period

目的:观察积极心理品质在烧伤康复期情绪障碍患者中的作用,为改善烧伤患者心理健康状况提供支持。方法:选取2017年6月-2018年6月笔者医院收治的烧伤患者42例,采用一般资料问卷、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、Herth希望量表(HHI)、心理弹性量表(CD-RISC),McCullough感恩量表进行调查,采用描述性分析、Pearson相关性分析等统计学方法,分析康复期烧伤患者焦虑、抑郁状态及与积极心理品质相关性。结果:42例烧伤康复期患者中,无焦虑16例(38.10%),有焦虑26例(61.90%);无抑郁15例(35.71%),有抑郁27例(64.29%)。不同性别、烧伤程度及烧伤部位的康复期患者,焦虑、抑郁发生率差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);焦虑、抑郁发病率女性高于男性,重度烧伤>中度烧伤>轻度烧伤,双臀及会阴烧伤>头面部烧伤>四肢及躯干烧伤;伴有焦虑或抑郁患者的HHI评分、CD-RISC评分、感恩评分均显著低于无焦虑、抑郁患者(P<0.05);Pearson相关性分析显示,焦虑、抑郁与希望水平、心理弹性、感恩倾向呈负相关(P<0.05);希望水平、心理弹性、感恩倾向互为正相关(P<0.05)。结论:烧伤康复期患者焦虑及抑郁情绪障碍发生率较高,性别、烧伤程度、烧伤部位对焦虑、抑郁发生率有一定影响,出现焦虑、抑郁症状患者的积极心理品质较无焦虑、抑郁者差,焦虑、抑郁发生与积极心理品质呈负相关。

Objective To observe the effects of positive psychological quality on patients with emotional disorders during burn rehabilitation, and to provide support for improving psychological health status of burn patients. Methods 42 cases of burn patients treated in our hospital from June 2017 to June 2018. The general questionnaire, self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), selfrating depression scale (SDS), and Herth hope inventory (HHI), psychological resilience scale (CD-RISC) and McCullough gratitude scale were used to conduct questionnaire survey for patients. The descriptive analysis, Pearson correlation analysis and other statistical methods were used to analyze the anxiety and depression status of patients with burns during rehabilitation and the correlation between anxiety, depression and positive psychological quality. Results Among the 42 patients with burns during rehabilitation, there were 16 cases (38.10%) without anxiety and 26 cases (61.90%) with anxiety, and there were 15 cases (35.71%) without depression and 27 cases (64.29%) with depression. There were statistically significant differences in the incidence rates of anxiety and depression in burn patients with different gender, burn degree and burn sites (P <0.05), and the incidence rates of anxiety and depression showed female>male and severe burn>moderate burn>mild burn, hip and perineal burn>head and face burn>limb and trunk burn. The HHI score, CD-RISC score and gratitude score in patients with anxiety or depression were significantly lower than those in patients without anxiety or depression (P <0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed anxiety and depression were negatively correlated with hope level, psychological resilience and gratitude tendency (P <0.05). Hope level, psychological resilience and gratitude tendency were positively correlated with each other (P <0.05). Conclusion The incidence rates of anxiety and depression are higher in patients with burns during rehabilitation. The gender, burn degree and burn sites have certain influence on the incidence rates of anxiety and depression. The positive psychological quality of patients with anxiety and depressive symptoms was worse than that of patients without anxiety and depression. Anxiety and depression were negatively correlated with positive psychological quality.