细胞分裂素和赤霉素对3种山茶科种子萌发特性的影响

Effect of 6-Benzylaminopurine and Gibberellin on Seed Germination of Three Theaceae

博白大果油茶、多齿红山茶和石笔木是颇具经济价值的山茶科植物。以当年采收的3种山茶科种子为试验材料,测定种子形态特征,通过白菜种子发芽试验探索3种山茶科种子不同部位(种皮、种胚)的萌发抑制作用,并研究不同浓度细胞分裂素(6-BA)和赤霉素(GA_3)对3种山茶科种子萌发的影响。结果表明:博白大果油茶与多齿红山茶种子形态接近,与石笔木种子形态差异较大,博白大果油茶种子质量最大,单粒重达3.779g,石笔木种子质量最小,为1.889g。博白大果油茶种子萌发抑制物质主要存在于种皮内,其中外种皮对白菜种子萌发抑制作用更强;多齿红山茶主要存在于外种皮和种胚内;5%的石笔木种皮和种胚提取物对白菜种子萌发抑制不明显。不同浓度激素对博白大果油茶发芽率影响不明显,但能显著提高发芽指数;GA_3能提高多齿红山茶的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数,且具有显著性差异,而不同6-BA浓度对多齿红山茶萌发具有抑制作用;浓度为100mg/L的GA_3能显著提高石笔木发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数。研究结果可为博白大果油茶、多齿红山茶和石笔木种子繁育提供科学依据。

The seeds morphological characters and seed germination characteristics of Camellia gigantocarpa,Camellia polyodonta and Tutcheria championi were explored in this paper.The results were as follows: The morphological characteristics about C. gigantocarpa and C. polyodonta were similarity,but difference with T. championi . The methanol extractant from seed coat in C. gigantocarpa ,testa and embryo in C. polyodonta inhibited the cabbage germination significantly.However,the methanol extractant from seed coat and embryo in T. championi had no inhabitation effect on cabbage seeds germination. The different concentrations of GA 3 could promote the Camellia gigantocarpa, Camellia polyodonta and Tutcheria championi seed germination processes,nevertheless,the 6-BA had little effect on seed germination,even inhibit seed germination in C. polyodonta .These results can provide a scientific basis for seed breeding of C. gigantocarpa,C. polyodonta and T.championi.