基于小农户生产的扶贫实践与理论探索——以“巢状市场小农扶贫试验”为例

Theoretical Exploration and Poverty Alleviation Practice Based on Smallholder Production——A“Smallholder Poverty Alleviation Trial with Nested Markets”

以市场为导向的产业扶贫方式在我国的精准扶贫工作中发挥了重要作用,但它很难全面覆盖深度贫困的小农户,也面临很多挑战。因此,需要探索和创新适合贫困小农户的多种生产扶贫方式。一项在河北省太行山区村庄开展8年的扶贫行动表明,"巢状市场小农扶贫"以"贫困小农户现在有什么"的生计资源为出发点,以健康农产品和地方特色食物产品的小农式生产为"产业",以城市普通消费者对健康食物的需求为对接出口,以"巢状市场"为交易和互动的组织形式,通过农村贫困人口和城市人口的相互信任和共同参与,成功地将生计资源和社会资本转化为贫困人口的收入,实现精准、稳定和可持续的脱贫结果,彰显了创新、协调、绿色和共享的发展理念。

The market-led alleviation of poverty through industry plays an important role in China’s precise targeting of poverty alleviation,but it faces many challenges covering smallholders in extreme poverty.We therefore have to seek new methods of industry poverty alleviation for poor smallholders.The project “Smallholder poverty alleviation trial with nested markets” conducted in villages in the Taihang Mountain area of Hebei over eight years started from “What means of livelihood do poor smallholders currently have?” and then took smallholder production of healthy farm products and local food specialties as an “industry,” ordinary urban consumers’ demand for healthy food as a “docking point” and “nested markets” as the organizational form of transactions and interaction.Through the trusting joint participation between poor rural dwellers and urbanities,this project successfully converted the means of livelihood and the resources of society into an income for the poor,achieving targeted,stable,and sustainable poverty elimination and highlighting the developmental concepts of innovation,coordination,going green and share of the fruits of development.