《南山集》案前后的方苞

Circumstances of Fang Bao Around the Case of“Nanshan Anthology”

康熙辛卯年,南山集案发,此案为有清一代著名的文字冤狱。编修戴名世著《南山集》,集中载桂王事并沿用前朝年号,成为政治攻击对象,被指为"悖逆",陷狱坐死,方苞曾为《南山集》作序,亦被牵涉在内。翻检同时期方苞的行文,其心态产生了明显的变化,这些变化关涉到此一时期政府对文人政策的收放以及由此导致的文人心态层面的转变——由不合作转向对立面,政治因素成为文化分野最直接的原因。

The case of“Nanshan Anthology”happened in 1711, which was a famous literary inquisition in the Qing Dynasty. Dai Mingshi, the anthologist, used the reign title of former dynasty in“Nanshan Anthology”, so that he became the target of political attack. Fang Bao written the preface of the anthology, so he was also involved. It is obvious that there are some visible changes in Fang Bao’s works of that period. These changes reflect government policies regarding literature and culture as well as intellectuals’attitude - from non-cooperation to opposition. Political factors have become the immediate cause of culture division.