短链含氟丙烯酸酯拒水拒油剂的合成及应用

Synthesis and Application of Water and Oil Repellent Finishing Agent with Short Chain Fluoroacrylate

以含氟丙烯酸酯(C_4F)、丙烯酸十八酯(SA)、甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)、丙烯酸丁酯(BA)为共聚单体,采用细乳液聚合法制备短链含氟共聚物乳液。通过红外光谱测试表明各聚合单体参与了聚合反应,且反应完全;X射线电子能谱显示聚合物乳胶膜表面存在C、O、F元素;热重分析和粒径分布说明制备的乳液固含量高,稳定性良好。探讨了阳离子-非离子乳化剂的配比、含氟单体用量、聚合温度对乳液稳定性、棉织物拒水拒油效果影响。结果显示,当阳离子与非离子乳化剂的质量比为1:4时乳液具有最佳稳定性,C4F与SA摩尔比为2∶1时,织物达到最优拒水拒油性能,其θ_(water)=157°,θ_(olive oil)=148°,θ_(hexadecane)=128°。经30次洗涤后,织物仍有较好的拒水拒油效果,说明GMA的加入可提高其耐水洗性能。

A short chain fluoropolymer emulsion was synthesized with fluorinated acrylate (C4F), octadecyl acrylate(SA), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), butyl acrylate (BA) as comonomers, via miniemulsion polymerization.Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) test shows that each polymerized monomer participates in the polymerization and the reaction is complete.X-ray electron spectroscopy (XPS) proves the presence of C, O, F elements on the surface of the polymer latex film.Thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and the particle size distribution indicate that the prepared emulsion has a high solid content and good stability.The influence of ratio of cationic-nonionic emulsifier, the amount of fluorinated monomer and polymerization temperature on the stability of emulsion, water-repellency and oil-repellency of treated cotton fabric were studied.The results show that the emulsion has the best appearance stability when the mass ratio of cationic to nonionic emulsifier is 1∶4 .Moreover, when the mole ratio of C 4F to SA is 2∶1 , the treated fabric achieves the optimum water repellency and oil repellency, the θ water is 157°,θ olive oil is 148°,θ hexadecane is 128°.After 30 times washing, the fabric still has a good water and oil repellency, which show that the washability of treated fabris is greatly improved with the addition of GMA.