信访制度实施的行政诉讼因应——从信访行政处理行为可诉性切入

The Adjustment of Administrative Litigation during the China's Petition System Implement——Breakthrough at the Justiciability of Administrative Action about the China's Petition System

信访制度实施过程中,信访人与接访部门之间自然产生一种法律关系。行政诉讼对此种法律关系所产生的争议持一种排斥态度,导致信访行政诉讼判决之间相互冲突,其原因主要是对信访行政处理行为存在定性之争。按照是否实际改变相对人的权利义务为标准,接访行政机关的行为可分为过程性行为、实质性处理行为,以及介于二者之间的行为。信访行政处理行为本是一种行政行为,若改变了信访人的权利义务理应纳入行政诉讼受案范围。应承认部分信访行政处理行为、以及介于过程性行为与行政处理行为之间的复查、复核意见的可诉性,对现有行政诉讼受案范围进行适当改造,并规范信访受案范围使之类型化,最终实现二者有效衔接。

In the process of implementing the petition system,a legal relationship naturally arises between petitioners and accepting departments.Administrative litigation holds an exclusive attitude towards the disputes arising from this legal relationship,which leads to the conflicts between the judgments of petition administrative litigation.The main reason is that there is a qualitative dispute about petition administrative treatment.According to the criterion of whether the rights and obligations of the relative person are actually changed or not,the behavior of receiving and visiting administrative organs can be divided into procedural behavior,substantive treatment behavior,and the behavior between them.The administrative handling of petitions is an administrative act.If the rights and obligations of petitioners are changed,they should be included in the scope of administrative litigation.We should recognize the suitability of some petition administrative handling acts,as well as the review and review opinions between procedural and administrative handling acts,properly reform the scope of accepting cases in existing administrative litigation,and standardize the scope of petition accepting cases to make it typified,so as to realize the effective connection between them.