主权话语的变迁及其治理含义

The Change of Sovereign Discourse and Its Governance Meaning

主权话语是现代性在社会治理领域的体现,主权话语的变迁反映了公共治理中治理主体与客体之间权利义务关系的变化。在现代理性"祛魅"的背景下,主权话语为世俗国家取代宗教教会享有治权的合法性起到了重要作用。通过对主权的话语分析可以发现,主权话语的变迁经历了两个阶段。第一个阶段为主权话语的形成,从绝对主权到人民主权,主权话语成为现代社会治理活动的重要合法性来源;第二个阶段为主权话语的衰弱,代议制民主作为主权话语在现实层面的妥协选择,并形成了一系列对于表达民主的回应。在主权和治权相分离的过程中,"悬置"的主权话语对于当代公共治理合法性问题的影响逐渐减弱。但在社会治理从单一治理主体到多元治理主体的转变过程中,对于多元行动者的主体身份界定需要进一步厘清社会治理主体和治理客体之间的权利义务关系,因此,主权话语的回归对于理解多元治理主体的合作治理具有重要意义。

Sovereign discourse is the embodiment of modernity in the field of social governance. Its transition reflects the change of rights and obligations between the subject and object in public governance.Under the background of modern disenchantment,sovereignty discourse has played an important role in replacing the religious church's legitimacy with the secular state. Through the analysis of sovereign discourse,we can find that the change of sovereign discourse has gone through two stages.The first stage is the formation of sovereign discourse,from absolute sovereignty to popular sovereignty,sovereign discourse has become a significant source of legitimacy in modern social governance activities.The second stage is the weakeness of sovereign discourse, representative democracy is a compromise choice of sovereign discourse at the realistic level, which has formed a series of responses to the expression of democracy.In the process of separation of sovereignty and governance,the influence of the"suspended"sovereign discourse on the legitimacy of public governance is gradually weakened.However,in the process of the transformation of social governance from a single subject to pluralistic subject,it is necessary to further clarify the relationship of rights and obligations between the social governance subject and object, and to define the identity of the pluralistic actors.Therefore,the return of sovereign discourse is of great significance for understanding the cooperative governance of the pluralistic subject.