危机与变革:清末民初律法中新旧伦理冲突的时代境遇

Crisis and Changes:the Era Circumstance of the New and Old Ethical Conflicts in the Laws During the Late Qing Dynasty and the Early Republic of China

以"伦理"为中心,以律法的"礼教化"为途径规范社会行为,既是中国千年农业社会治国安邦的政治基础,也是中国传统律法得以运行无阻的深层次精髓。然而,在近代历史嬗变过程中,清末民初社会的震荡与转折带来伦理结构的异质化与法律体系的复杂化,"礼法之争"话题下掀起的律法"去礼教化"运动与频发的新旧伦理冲突,以及由此带来的社会结构内部严重失衡与中国传统伦理秩序固执坚守之间的矛盾,东西洋制度伦理的暴力闯入与独立的华夏民族国家伦理意识之间的矛盾,权利个性主义伦理与家族集体主义伦理之间的矛盾等问题骤生。通过法律制度的形式重塑伦理秩序规范,便成为时下社会治理不容回避的客观要求。

Taking “ethics” as the center and using the “ritualization of the law” as the way to regulate social behavior are not only the political foundation of China’s millennium agricultural society,but also the deep essence of the traditional Chinese law. However,in the process of the evolution of modern history,the turbulence and transition of society in late Qing dynasty and early Republic of China brought the heterogeneity of ethical structure and the complexity of legal system.The “de-cultivation” movement and the frequent new and old ethical conflicts are conduct under the topic of “Ritual and Legal Controversy”,this resulting the contradiction between serious imbalance within the social structure and the stubborn adherence of the traditional Chinese ethical order,the violent intrusion between the Eastern and Western institutional ethics and the ethical consciousness of the independent Chinese nation,the ethics of individualism and the ethics of family collectivism. Reshaping the norms of ethical order through the form of the legal system has become an objective requirement that social governance cannot be avoided nowadays.