基于爬坡换道的驾驶特性分析

Driving Characteristics Analysis Based on Slope Climbing and Lane Changing

道路网中存在着许多坡道路段,在进行驾驶特性分析时,人们通常将注意力放在下坡路段而忽略了爬坡路段的安全性研究。同时,在爬坡过程中,对通行能力影响最大的是货车,针对这一现象,引入交通流元胞自动机模型,利用爬坡路段纵坡度对其进行改进,选择谨慎型与激进型两种驾驶员分析其换道行为的差异性,建立了一种基于爬坡换道的交通流元胞自动机模型,并分析纵坡度对货车行驶速度的影响以及两种驾驶员爬坡换道的特性。仿真结果表明:坡道纵坡度对货车的速度有显著影响,同时两类驾驶员根据道路状况选择主动换道,若主导换道的驾驶员占比较高,就能显著提高道路的通行能力。

There are many slope sections in the road network,but people always tend to focus on the research of the downhill section and ignore the safety of the climbing section during the analysis of driving characteristics.At the same time,in the climbing process,the truck has the greatest impact on the traffic capacity.In view of this phenomenon,the cellular automata model for traffic flow was introduced and improved by using longitudinal gradient of climbing section.Two types of drivers,cautious and radical,were selected to analyze the difference of their lane-changing behavior.A cellular automata model of traffic flow based on slope-climbing and lane-changing was established.The influence of longitudinal gradient on the speed of trucks and the characteristics of slope climbing and lane changing of the two types of drivers were also analyzed.The simulation results show that the longitudinal gradient of the slope has a significant effect on the speed of trucks.Meanwhile,the two types of drivers choose active lane change according to the road conditions.The road capacity will be improved significantly if the dominant lane change drivers account for a higher proportion.