叠加还是补充:私营企业主的政治纽带与雇佣前官员现象研究

Enhancement or Compensation: A Study on Political Connection and Employment of Former Bureaucrats in Chinese Private Enterprises

分析中国私营企业调查2016年的数据可发现,私营企业主自身政治纽带的强弱与雇佣前官员行为之间存在一定关系。私营企业主雇佣具有政府背景的高管与企业主的政治纽带显著相关,这是一种锦上添花的叠加模式。在进一步细分企业主政治纽带强弱后,发现雇佣前官员可能给政治纽带相对弱势的私营企业主增强组织整体政治资源,形成了一种补充效应。企业规模和形象、管制性行业、地区差异和营商环境获得感在雇佣前官员上具有显著效应。这一逻辑的揭示有助于我们从资源配置的角度,理解中国党政官员的"下海"行为与私营企业治理结构配置之间的关系,为做好私营企业管理技术人员这一新的社会阶层人士的统战工作、打造亲清新型政商关系提供参考。

Using data of a nationwide survey of Chinese private enterprises in 2016,this study finds that the employment of former bureaucrats in Chinese private enterprises has relationship with entrepreneurs' political connection.Owners of private enterprises with stronger political background are more likely to employ former bureaucrats into management,like enhancing existing political advantage to the firm.A closer scrutiny based on more nascent typology of political connection,however,finds that owners with relative weaker political background in the strong politically connected group are more preferred to hire former bureaucrats.This can be interpreted as a compensation effect.Size,image of the firm,regulated industries,region,and subjective evaluation of local business environment are also significant factors.We argue that not to understand the logic of employing former bureaucrats in private enterprises in a linear way is a key to unite those managers and professionals,as one key element of “members of new social class”,to build a more friendly state business environment in China.