三基发射药生产过程中气态硝化甘油的销爆研究

Explosion?elimination of Gaseous Nitroglycerin During the Production Process of Tri?base Gun Propellant

针对三基药生产过程中因含有微量(0.02～4.83 mg·kg^(-1))硝化甘油(NG)导致气态有机溶剂难以回收的现状,采用吸收?分解联用法,通过喷淋液,吸收、化学分解NG。结果表明,氢氧化钠水溶液、氢氧化钠醇溶液以及硫化钠水溶液均可作为喷淋液使用,且销爆性能与温度及溶液浓度呈正相关关系。以气态NG初始浓度5 mg·kg^(-1)为例,当氢氧化钠水溶液浓度2.0%,体系温度50℃,气液接触时间20 s,液气比0.16 L·m^(-3)时,气态NG去除率达到99.92%。

Aiming at the current situation that gaseous organic solvents are difficult to recover due to the existence of trace amount of nitroglycerin(NG)(0.02-4.83 mg·kg^-1)during the production of tri-base gun propellant,the absorption-degradation method is adopted to absorb and chemically decompose NG via spray liquid.Results show that sodium hydroxide aqueous solution,sodium hydroxide ethanol aqueous solution and sodium sulfide aqueous solution can be used as spray liquid and the explosion-elimination performance is positively correlated with temperature and solution concentration.Taking the initial concentration of gaseous NG,5 mg·kg^-1,as an example,the removal rate of gaseous NG reaches 99.92%when the concentration of sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is 2.0%,the system temperature is 50℃,the gas-liquid contact time is 20 s and the ratio of the liquid to gas is 0.16 L·m^-3.