辽宁锡伯族五项舌运动类型

Five tongue moving types of Liaoning Xibo

目的 :研究辽宁锡伯族人群卷舌、叠舌、翻舌、尖舌、三叶舌5项舌运动类型特点,探讨锡伯族人群与其他族群的亲缘关系,为研究锡伯族群体遗传学积累资料。方法 :对辽宁沈阳新城子区234例(男为120例,女为114例)锡伯族学生5项舌运动类型进行研究。采用类间平均连锁法,对14个族群进行聚类分析,探讨族群间亲缘关系。结果 :辽宁锡伯族卷舌、叠舌、翻舌、尖舌、三叶舌运动类型出现率分别为96.58%、32.05%、51.28%、73.08%、3.84%,5项舌运动类型出现率性别间无差异。卷舌分别与翻舌、叠舌和尖舌,翻舌分别与叠舌和三叶舌,叠舌分别与尖舌和三叶舌基因间存在基因相互的关系。舌运动类型与国内民族比较,卷舌、翻舌、叠舌、尖舌构成比处于较高水平,三叶舌构成比处于较低水平。聚类分析结果表明,辽宁锡伯族的舌运动类型出现率与锦州汉族最为接近。结论 :辽宁锡伯族5项舌运动类型与国内族群舌运动相比,卷舌、翻舌、叠舌运动、尖舌类型运动能力较强,三叶舌类型运动能力比较弱,辽宁锡伯族与锦州汉族亲缘关系最近。

Objective:To study the characteristics of five tongue moving types,including rolling tongue,folding tongue,twisting tongue,pointed tongue and clover-leaf tongue in Xibo nationality of Liaoning,to discuss the close relationship between Xibo and other ethnic groups,and to accumulate the data for population genetics in Xibo nationality.Methods:Chi-square criteria were made on data of five tongue moving types of 234 Xibo students(male:120,female:114)in Liaoning.By means of average interclass linkage method,cluster analysis was carried out on 14 ethnic groups to explore their relationships.Results:The frequencies of rolling tongue,twisting tongue,folding tongue,pointed tongue and clover-leaf tongue were 96.58%,32.05%,51.28%,73.08%and 3.84%,respectively.No gender difference was found in the frequencies of five tongue moving types.The gene of rolling and twisting tongue had interactive relations with the folding and pointed tongue.The gene of twisting and folding tongue had interactive relations with the clover-leaf tongue.The gene of folding and pointed tongue had interactive relations with the cloverleaf tongue.Compared with other ethnic groups,Xibo nationality had the higher constituent ratio of rolling tongue,folding tongue,twisting tongue and pointed tongue and lower constituent ratio of clover-leaf tongue.The results of cluster analysis showed that the tongue moving types of Xibo had the closest relationship with Han people in Jinzhou.Conclusion:Compared with other ethnic groups,rolling tongue,folding tongue,twisting tongue and pointed tongue have higher potentials of tongue movement.The clover-leaf tongue has lower potentials of tongue movement.The Xibo people in Liaoning province are most closely related to Han people in Jinzhou.