俄罗斯的国际法观和一种世界秩序的特殊主义路径——评马尔克苏《俄罗斯的国际法进路》

Russia's Position on International Law and A Particularistic Approach to World Order:A Review on Russian Approaches to International Law

马尔克苏的著作《俄罗斯的国际法进路》提供了一个国家的世界秩序观念如何影响其国际法实践的个案研究。该书指出,俄罗斯的国际法学说是一种国家中心论,除了强调主权概念,其思想界还诉诸一种以俄罗斯文明为内核的帝国概念;当代俄罗斯国际法概念的真正基础是"俄罗斯世界"理念,它是俄罗斯国际法观念的底层结构。该书归纳出决定俄罗斯国际法实践特色的三种因素是:受施米特的大空间概念影响的地缘政治诉求、确定俄罗斯独特身份的欧亚主义、影响俄罗斯与西方国家关系的拜占庭东正教传统。

Lauri Malksoo's Russian Approaches to International Law provided us with a case study on how a state s vision on world order influenced its practice in international law. The book pointed out that Russia s doctrine of international law is formulated in a statist way which emphasizes on the concept of sovereignty. Besides, Russia's intellectuals also invoke a conception of empire with Russian civilization as its core. The real foundation of contemporary Russian international law is the idea of “Russian World” which is the deep layer of Russian international law. The book concluded that three elements have contributed to such a characteristic: Russia's geopolitical plea heavily influenced by Carl Schmitt's concept of Gro raum, Eurasianism by which Russian has obtained its distinct identity and the Byzantine Orthodox tradition which brought Russia a vision of how it views the West.