影响慢性牙周炎的危险因素分析

Analysis of risk factors for chronic periodontitis

目的研究并分析慢性牙周炎的危险因素。方法选取2016年2月～2018年2月辽河油田总医院(以下简称"我院")收治的慢性牙周炎患者109例为研究组,另取同期于我院接受体检的健康人员100例为对照组。分别比较两组的探诊深度(PD)、菌斑指数(PLI)、附着丧失(AL)、出血指数(BI)。同时,采集两组血清与龈沟液,采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清与龈沟液白细胞介素(IL)-10、IL-17、IL-23、转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)水平,并作Logistic回归分析。结果研究组PD、PLI、AL、BI水平均明显高于对照组,研究组血清、龈沟液IL-17、IL-23水平明显高于对照组,差异有高度统计学意义(P <0.01)。两组血清和龈沟液IL-10、TGF-β水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。经Logistic回归分析可得:慢性牙周炎的独立危险因素包括PD、PLI、AL、BI,以及血清及龈沟液中的IL-17、IL-23水平(P <0.05)。结论慢性牙周炎患者Th17/Treg相关细胞因子存在明显失衡,其中IL-17与IL-23为慢性牙周炎的独立危险因素,值得临床重点关注。

Objective To study and analyze the risk factors of chronic periodontitis. Methods A total of 109 patients with chronic periodontitis who were admitted to Liaohe Oil Field General Hospital (hereinafter referred to as "our hospital") from February 2016 to February 2018 were selected as the study group, and 100 healthy people who received physical examination in our hospital during the same period were recorded as the control group. The probing depth (PD), plaque index (PLI), attachment loss (AL) and bleeding index (BI) were compared between the two groups. And the serum and gingival crevicular fluid of two groups were collected, interleukin (IL)-10 and IL-17, IL-23, transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β) level in serum and gingival sulcus fluid were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent method. Logistic regression analysis was performed. Results The levels of PD, PLI, AL, BI of study group were significantly higher than those of control group, the levels of IL-17, IL-23 in serum and gingival sulcus liquid of the study group were significantly higher than those of control group, the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in levels of IL-10 and TGF-β in serum and gingival sulcus liquid between the two groups (P > 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the independent risk factors of chronic periodontitis included PD, PLI, AL, BI, and IL-17 and IL-23 in serum and gingival fluid (P < 0.05). Conclusion There is a significant imbalance in Th17/Treg-related cytokines in patients with chronic periodontitis, and IL-17 and IL-23 is independent risk factors for chronic periodontitis, which is worthy of clinical attention.