“热身”对功能性运动筛查(FMS^(TM))评估运动损伤风险的影响研究

Study on the Effect of “Warm-up” for the Functional Movement Screen^(TM) (FMS^(TM)) in Predicting Sport Injury Risk

目的:分析测试前有无热身运动对功能性运动筛查(FMS^(TM))测试结果的影响,为统一测试条件、检验FMS^(TM)重复测试可靠性和讨论各研究结果可比性提供参考。方法:采用完全相同的口令和过程先后对12名青年男子排球专业运动员进行无热身和有热身测试,使用二维运动解析系统Dartfish Prosuite 8.0对两台摄像机同步记录的视频数据进行解析。结果:在前后两次测试中,跨栏步得分(1.75±0.62 vs 2.42±0.52)和总分(13.50±2.20 vs 16.42±2.15)表现为有热身非常显著高于无热身测试(P<0.01)。此外,在深蹲(1.58±0.67 vs 1.92±0.67)、直线弓步蹲(2.00±0.43 vs 2.50±0.52)、主动直腿上抬(1.50±0.67 vs 2.00±0.60)、转体稳定性(1.42±0.52 vs 1.92±0.29)中得分表现为显著提高(P<0.05)。结论:测试前进行热身运动能够提高FMS^(TM)的测试结果,这种仅靠目测观察到的异常动作模式可能不能真实反映运动"功能障碍"。在忽略测试前热身因素情况下,针对运动表现进行反馈和制定训练策略,这种预测受伤风险和评估训练效果的结论其参考价值可能具有一定的局限性。

Objective The purpose of this study was to compare the FMS^TM scores before and after providing with a warm-up exercises regarding volleyball movement patterns,to provide reference for unifying experimental conditions,checking the reliability of test-retest,and discussing the comparability of previous research results of FMS^TM .Methods: 12 youth male professional volleyball players performed the tests with and without warm-up exercises using the exactly same verbal instructions and procedure.The video data which were recorded synchronously by two cameras were analyzed using the 2D motion analysis system Dartfish Prosuite 8.0.Results: The 12 players significantly (P<0.01) improved their hurdle step and composite scores from 1.75±0.62 to 2.42±0.52 and 13.50±2.20 to 16.42±2.15,respectively.Significant improvements (P<0.05) were also noted in the deep squat (1.58±0.67 VS 1.92± 0.67 ),in-line lunge (2.00±0.43 VS 2.50±0.52),active straight leg raise (1.50±0.67 VS 2.00±0.60),and rotary stability (1.42±0.52 VS 1.92±0.29) tests.Conclusions: The warm-up exercises prior to test can improve the FMS^TM scores,therefore,the observed abnormal motion mode which are based solely on visual observation may not reflect “dysfunction”.Under such circumstances of ignoring warm-up,subjects are provided with feedback and training strategies regarding their movement performance,the results may lose its utility to predict musculoskeletal injury risk and evaluate the effect of training.