中美贸易摩擦与我国贸易强国建设

Sino-US Trade Friction and the Making China Strong in Trade

中美贸易摩擦是中美双方贸易投资及价值观领域争端不断积累的结果,对全球贸易具有重要影响。中美贸易摩擦的产生与贸易逆差、文明冲突、发展模式差异及美国强硬内阁等众多因素有关。其中,贸易逆差是导致中美贸易摩擦的直接原因,文明冲突是导致中美贸易摩擦的根本原因,发展模式差异是导致中美贸易摩擦的本质原因,美国内阁成员偏鹰倾向是导致中美贸易摩擦的人为原因。中美两国的征税范围均照顾到了国内需求的不可替代性。事实上,仅从贸易角度看,中美贸易摩擦对中国GDP的负面影响不是很大,但其潜在影响却远远超出贸易领域。贸易摩擦的持续和加剧不仅会加重中国经济基本面的负面情绪并产生不利影响,而且会刺激美国运用全球影响力对中国全面施压并形成封锁。中美贸易摩擦的现实也从某种程度上警醒我们,我国与美国、德国、日本等世界公认的贸易强国相比仍然存在不小的差距,必须在经济结构、运行机制、社会治理等方面进行更为深入的改革。而要更好地化解中美贸易摩擦,我国必须实施贸易强国战略,推动贸易强国建设。具体而言,就是进一步推进高水平开放,参照国际标准改善我国营商环境;进一步坚持市场化改革,处理好政府与市场的关系,推动民营经济高质量发展,大幅减税降费;进一步改善创新环境,建设创新型国家。

Sino-US trade friction is an important international event affecting global trade and growth and it is the result of conflict accumulation in the field of trade investment and the view of value.Its causes include the trade deficit,the clash of civilizations,the differences in development modes and the tough cabinet of the United States.Both China and the United States take into account the irreplaceability of commodity for domestic demand.The trade friction between China and the United States may not have a great impact on GDP from the perspective of trade only,but it will lead to an increase in negative sentiment in China’s economy and create a negative situation.Moreover,the continuation of the trade friction may stimulate the United States to use its global influence to exert pressure on China in an all-round way.Through the Sino-US trade friction,we can see that there is still a big gap between China and the trade powers,such as America,Germany,and Japan.We have to carry out more profound reform in terms of economic structure,operational mechanism,and social governance.To better solve the problem of Sino-US trade friction,we should implement the strategy of making China strong in trade.Specifically speaking,we should,first,further promote the high-level opening up,improve China’s business environment;second,we should further adhere to the market-based reform,balance the relationship between government and market,promote the high quality development of private sector,and focus on cutting taxes and fees;and third,we should further improve the environment for innovation,and build the innovative country.