建构主义视角下的特朗普政府“印太”战略

Trump Administration's "Indo-Pacific" Strategy Under the Perspective of Constructivism

"印太"经历了从生物地理概念到地缘战略概念的转变,特朗普政府"印太"战略以印度为战略支点,以美日印澳四国为主要架构,涵盖了从印度西海岸到美国西海岸的印度洋和太平洋海域范围,包括日本、中国、东南亚、大洋洲和南亚。从建构主义理论视角来看,"印太"战略以"自由民主"为共同观念,塑造美日印澳共同身份利益;根据利益诉求主观建构"印太"内涵;"印太"战略进一步提升了印度和印度洋的战略地位,体现了施动者与结构的互构关系;限于地缘政治博弈的思维,"印太"战略容易造就"洛克文化"。面对"印太"战略,中国可以研判参与"印太"构建的可能性,并尝试"一带一路"倡议与"印太"战略的互动与对接。然而,最重要的是提高警惕和保持战略定力。

"Indo-Pacific" has changed from a biogeographic concept to a geo-strategic concept,"Indo-Pacific" Strategy sets India as strategic pivot,US-Japan-India-Australia alliance as basic framework,which covers Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean from the west coast of India to the west coast of US,including Japan,China,Southeast Asia,Oceania and South Asia.From the constructivism perspective,"Indo-Pacific" Strategy shapes the shared identity and interests of US-Japan-India-Australia with the idea of "freedom and democracy",constructs "Indo-Pacific" according to interests appeals;"Indo-Pacific" Strategy has raised the strategic status of India and Indian Ocean further,which represents the mutual construction of agent and structure."Indo-Pacific" Strategy contributes to the Lockean culture since it is under the guidance of geopolitical game.Confronting with "Indo-Pacific" Strategy,China may judge the possibility of participating in the construction of "Indo-Pacific",and make efforts in the interaction and coordination of Belt and Road Initiative and "Indo-Pacific" Strategy.However,being alert and maintaining strategic concentration is of the utmost importance.