船员“二倍工资”诉求的相关法律问题研究

On legal issues concerning crew's claim for double wages

船员"二倍工资"能否享有船舶优先权担保,司法实践对此尚未形成统一意见。经分析,因船员的"二倍工资"主张具有惩罚性,赋予其船舶优先权担保不仅不具有法理基础,也不符合相关法律规定,违背了立法目的。因该类诉求不具有明显的海事特征,不属于《最高人民法院关于海事法院受理案件范围的规定》第24条(1)规定的可以直接向海事法院提起诉讼的船员劳务合同纠纷案件,故船员"二倍工资"的诉求不能直接向海事法院起诉,而应该按照普通劳动合同纠纷适用仲裁前置程序的规定。

Whether the crew's"double wages"can enjoy the guarantee of maritime lien has not been agreed upon in judicial practice.It is believed that beacuase the claim for"double wages"by crew members is punitive,the guarantee of maritime liens given to them is neither based on legal principles,nor in accordance with relevant laws and regulations and violates the purpose of legislation.Because the claims do not have obvious maritime characteristics,they do not belong to the crew labor contract disputes which can be brought directly to the maritime court as stipulated in Article 24 of the Provisions of the Supreme People's Court on the Scope of Acceptance of Cases by Maritime Courts,instead,they should be brought for pre-arbitration procedure as ordinary labor contract dispute.