美国实质性正当程序之历史传统理论:生成与评价

On the Theory of Historical Tradition of Substantive Due Process in the United States:Generation and Evaluation

法律正当程序是英美法系国家一条重要法治原则,在美国历经程序性正当程序和实质性正当程序两个阶段。就实质性正当程序在联邦司法适用的演进而言,它历经历史传统、理性判断和生成性国家价值观等理论演变过程。历史传统理论作为美国实质性正当程序的首要理论对美国法律制度和司法程序产生了重要影响。由此客观地阐述和评价历史传统理论的形成、适用和发展过程对于研究美国政治传统和法律制度具有重要意义。

Due process of law is an important principle of the rule of law in common law countries.In the United States,it has gone through two stages:procedural due process and substantive due process.As far as the evolution of substantive due process in federal justice is concerned,it has gone through the theoretical evolution of historical tradition,rational judgment and generative national values.The theory of historical tradition,as the first theory of substantive due process in the United States,has an important influence on the American legal system and judicial procedure.Therefore,it is of great significance for us to study the political tradition and legal system of the United States by objectively explaining and evaluating the formation,application and development of the theory of historical tradition.