电商基础设施是否有助于农民增收?——基于中国省际面板数据的实证分析

Can Electronic Commerce Infrastructure Help to Increase Farmers' Income?

完善的农村电商基础设施不仅可以扩大农产品的销售渠道和市场范围,还可以降低农产品的生产成本和流通成本,促进农村产业结构升级,增加农民收入。文章选用中国27个省市自治区2011~2016年的面板数据,建立对数函数计量经济模型,并选取固定效应模型实证分析农村电商基础设施对农村居民收入的影响。结果表明:农村网络基础设施对农村居民收入有明显的促进作用,其收入弹性系数在0. 1以上,且东、中、西部差异不大;而交通基础设施中的等外公路对农民收入存在显著的抑制作用并存在区域差异,东、中部相较于西部抑制作用更大。电商基础设施建设是农村经济结构和产业结构升级的重要前提,各地区应充分利用政策契机,稳步推进农村电商的发展,拓展农民增收渠道,增加农民收入。

Perfect rural e-commerce infrastructure can not only expand the sales channels and market scope of agricultural products,but also reduce the production costs and circulation costs of agricultural products,promote the upgrading of rural industrial structure,and increase farmers' income.Based on panel data of 27 provinces and autonomous regions in China from 2011 to 2016,this paper establishes a logarithmic function econometric model,and selects a fixed effect model to empirically analyze the impact of rural e-commerce infrastructure on rural residents' income.The results show that the rural network infrastructure has a significant effect on the income of rural residents,the coefficient of income elasticity is above 0.1,and there is little difference among the eastern,central and western regions.However,the off-grade highway in the transportation infrastructure has a significant inhibitory effect on farmers' income and has regional differences,and the inhibitory effect is greater in the eastern and central regions than in the western.Infrastructure construction of e-commerce is an important prerequisite for the upgrading of rural economic structure and industrial structure.All regions should make full use of policy opportunities to promote the development of e-commerce in rural areas steadily,expand the channels for increasing farmers' income,and then increase farmers' income.