中国伦理学研究如何迈入“不惑”之境

A new start for the Chinese ethical studies

改革开放40年,中国伦理学研究如何伴随它的时代迈入"不惑"之境?必须回应具有前沿意义的三大追问:"道德哲学"如何"成哲学"?"伦理学"如何"有伦理"?"中国伦理"如何"是中国"?"不惑"之境的要义,是以认同与被认同为核心的现代中国伦理学的安身立命。"成哲学""有伦理"是在现代学科体系、学术体系中的"安身",核心是中国理论、中国话语;"是中国"是在现代文明体系中的"立命",核心是中国气派。作为哲学的一个分支,现代伦理学面临"哲学认同"的危机,危机源于两大学术误读:对于中国传统伦理学的哲学气质的误读;对于马克思主义哲学与伦理学关系的误读。现代中国伦理学必须回归"精神"的家园,透过伦理道德的精神哲学体系的建构而"成哲学"。"无伦理"是现代伦理学研究最明显也是最具标志意义的"惑","道德"的话语独白导致"无伦理的伦理学",它根源于中国伦理学传统的断裂和康德主义的影响。"是中国"不仅是中国理论体系、中国话语体系、中国问题意识,而且是伦理道德和伦理学研究在现代文明体系中的文化天命;不仅关乎伦理学研究的文化自觉和文化自信,而且关乎全球化背景下中华民族在现代文明体系中的文化自立。迈入"不惑"之境必须完成三个学术推进:由概念诠释系统到伦理道德一体的问题意识的推进;由学术气派到学术使命的推进;由"礼义之邦"到"伦理学故乡"的推进。

This year marks the 40^th anniversary of the reform and opening-up of China.Confucius was quoted as saying:“Life begins at forty.”To the Chinese ethical studies,this year is a new start.At this point,we have three questions to ask:in what sense is moral philosophy a philosophy,ethical studies ethical,and Chinese ethics Chinese? As a branch of philosophy,modern ethics is undergoing a crisis arising from the misreading of the philosophical nature of the Chinese traditional ethics and the relationship between Marxism and ethics.The Chinese ethics becomes a philosophy through a construction of spiritual philosophy;the lack of ethics in our so-called“ethical studies”is caused by the destruction of the Chinese ethical traditions and influence of Kantianism;Chinese characteristics represent the cultural confidence of our ethical studies and,more important,of the Chinese nation.To answer the three questions,we need to divert attention away from concept interpretation toward both ethics and morals,from scholarly manner toward academic missions,and from Liyizhibang(a land of propriety and righteousness)toward“a land of ethics”.