济宁采煤塌陷地区生态适宜度评价

Evaluation on ecological suitability of coal mining collapse area in Jining

选取济宁市兖州区、邹城市部分煤矿开采区为研究对象,针对影响采煤塌陷区生态环境的主要因素,以生态位适宜度的理论为基础,利用层次分析法和德尔菲法构建矿区生态适宜性评价体系及模型,并通过多因子评价综合叠加方法和空间分析原理评价矿区生态适宜性的区域分布特征,最终实现矿区塌陷土地的生态适宜度综合评价的可视化。研究结果表明,生态环境适宜区域分布在泗河和白马河沿岸,面积约12.092km2,占研究区域面积的17.25%;生态环境最不适宜区域主要分布在采矿厂、矸石山、城乡建设用地周围,面积约5.72km2,占研究区域面积的8.16%。

This paper takes some coal mining areas in Yanzhou district and Zoucheng county of Jining city as the research areas,the main influencing factors on ecological environment in the coal mining subsidence area are first analyzed.Then based on niche theory,the ecological suitability evaluation system and model are constructed using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and delphi method.Finally,applying spatial analysis principles and multiple criteria evaluation (MCE),the ecological suitability of the research area are assessed and its spatial distribution characteristics are visualized.The results show that the most ecologically suitable areas are distributed along the Si river and the Baima river,with about 12.092 km^2,covering approximately 17.25% of the study area;the most unfavorable areas are mainly distributed around mining plants,waste rock,and construction sites,with about 5.72 km^2,occupying 8.16% of the whole region.