论人工智能生成发明创造的权利归属——立足于推动发明创造的应用

On the Ownership of Inventions Created by Artificial Intelligence——From the Perspective of Promoting the Application of Inventions

人工智能的发展改变了传统的创新方式,创新不再仅仅依赖于人类的大脑。在一些领域,人工智能已经独立生成新的发明创造,冲击了传统专利法中发明创造仅由人类完成的基本理念。当人工智能生成的发明创造在外观上与人类发明创造类似,并能够符合专利授权条件,应享有与人类发明创造同样的保护,不能因发明创造是由人工智能完成而在专利法中拒绝对其进行保护。依照发明创造的原始归属与专利法意义上的权利归属密切对应的原则,仅有人工智能的所有者与使用者可对发明创造享有权利主张,但为更好地实现专利法的立法目的,应从推动发明创造应用的角度出发,构造以使用者为核心的权利归属模式,建议专利法在专利权归属方面做出适当的安排,以促进更多此类发明创造的生成,并推动人工智能的长足发展。

With the development of Artificial Intelligence (AI), the innovation way is about to change, for it is no longer solely dependent on human cerebral capacity. In some areas, artifi cial intelligence has independently generated new inventions, and it is hard to protect them because the Patent Law is designed for human beings. When the inventions created by artificial intelligence meet the conditions for granting patents and should enjoy the same protection as human inventions. It cannot be denied in the patent law because the inventions were created by artifi cial intelligence. According to the principle that the original attribution of the invention is closely related to the ownership of rights in the sense of patent law, only the owner and user of artificial intelligence can claim rights for invention. From the perspective of promoting the application of inventions, patent rights should be granted to the users. This can achieve the legislative purpose of the patent law and promote the development of artifi cial intelligence.