“嫦娥4号”中继星伞状可展开天线设计与验证

Design and Verification for Umbrella-Type Deployable Antenna of Chang'e-4 Lunar Relay Satellite

伞状可展开天线是"嫦娥4号"中继星为着陆于月球背面的"嫦娥4号"着陆器和巡视器提供中继通信的关键单机。对伞状可展开天线的设计原理和构造进行了描述,对天线在轨展开、网面成型与保持、超低温环境适应性等技术难点开展了分析。天线在轨展开采用缓释弹簧分布式驱动展开技术,具有布局灵活、轻便、安装体积小、可靠性高的优点,并开展了寿命、热真空环境展开等试验,验证了天线展开技术的正确性;采用双层网结构设计形式实现天线网面成型与保持,优化了张力网节点数量,开展了型面精度测试和型面在轨热变形预示,验证了天线在轨型面精度达到亚毫米级的设计指标,进一步确保了天线在轨性能满足任务要求;天线部组件最低温度达到–250℃的超低温环境验证结果,表明天线经历超低温环境存储后,结构无损坏,性能无下降,满足天线在轨环境适应性的要求,有效地支撑了"嫦娥4号"中继星中继通信任务的顺利执行。

The radial rib deployable antenna is the key equipment for the Chang’e-4 lunar relay satellite,which provides relay communication for the Chang’e-4 lander and inspector landing on the back of the moon.In this paper,the design principle and structure of the radial rib deployable antenna are described,and the technical difficulties such as on-orbit deployment,mesh formation and maintenance,and ultra-low temperature environmental adaptability are analyzed.For the In-orbit deployment of antenna,slow-release spring distributed drive deployment technology is adopted,which has the advantages of flexible layout,lightweight,small installation volume and high reliability.Experiments of life and thermal vacuum environment deployment are carried out to verify the correctness of the antenna deployment technology.Double-layer network structure is adopted to realize the formation and maintenance of antenna mesh,and optimize the number of tension mesh nodes.The test and thermal deformation prediction of the antenna on-orbit verify that the accuracy of the antenna on-orbit profile is up to sub-millimeter,It ensures that the antenna on-orbit performance meets the mission requirements.The verification of the ultra-low temperature environment,with the lowest temperature reaching-250℃,show that the performance of the antenna is unvarying under the extreme low temperature,which meets the adaptability of the antenna on-orbit environment.The verification results effectively support the smooth implementation of the relay communication task of Chang’e-4 lunar relay satellite.